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Photographing your subject can be divided into three categories:

In category one, I would place the snapshot. This is the kind of shot, that you have one chance in a life time of taking. Should you miss that moment, then it will be gone forever.

In the second category I would put the taking of pictures. We have all seen these at family gatherings. Your relatives show you pictures of where they have been. In some of them, all you can see is a finger, or they snapped a picture of uncle Charlie's face, while he took a bite off this hamburger. Looking at it you end up thinking it's the Grand Canyon. When they show those pictures, you would rather be somewhere else,

Now in the third category, I would place taking a photograph of your subject. Those are the kind of memory savers which your friends love to look at, and for which you get many compliments.

How do you go about taking those kind of photographs? Taking good photos is not very hard, all you have to do is familiarize yourself with your subject.

The way you do this is, when you to photograph some scenery, take the trouble of looking at it with a very critical eye, as to what you are taking a picture of. Is there a better spot for you to take it from? Can you take the photograph without those ugly looking wires in the scenery? Look for lines of directions, so they may lead your eyes into the photograph instead of taking you out of it. If there is a stream in the picture, use it like a directional arrow, point it into the photograph and the point of interest. Also remember that your eyes will be attracted to anything bright. When you look at something, your eyes will move over what you are looking at from the left to the right side of it; keep those facts in mind also.

Once you have decided from where you can take the best looking photograph, then you will be ready to compose it in the view finder. Too many

You just bought yourself a new 35mm camera, and you decided to take up wildlife photography. Now you are wondering what kind of equipment you will need. Most cameras come with a standard 50mm lens. If you are going to photograph anything as dangerous as bears, I suggest that you get yourself the longest lens that you can buy. Any camera lens above 500mm should be fine for photographing wildlife. What is a long lens you wonder? This is a lens with a focal length of, lets say anything higher then 50mm, while a short lens is anything under that. Long lenses bring the subjects that you wish to photograph, like the bear, closer to you. Using a long lens won't disturb the dangerous animals. ( And they won't disturb you.) You can take your photographs of them without any risk to your life and limb.

A number of years ago, I was staying at the Jasper Park Lodge, in Jasper Alberta. There is a lot of wild life in the area. Someone told me that there was a bear asleep by the lake. So, I went to see it.. I took my 35mm camera along, just in case I would be able take a photograph of him. At that time all I had with me was a 50mm lens. Sure enough, there was a black bear, Ursus americanus, sleeping under the trees. Since I was totally ignorant of a bear's behavior, I carelessly walked towards it. When I entered his "personal" place, or what is referred to in biology, as his "territory," the bear lifted his big ugly head, and growled at me. Let me assure you that never before in my life, have I run away from anything as fast as I did then.

Even though I managed to get only a few snap shots of the bear, to this day I consider myself very lucky to get away unscathed. Although this event did scare me out of a years growth, I learned a very valuable lesson from it. From that day on, I have never photographed a wild bear with anything less then a 200mm lens on my camera. I have had a few more narrow escapes since then, but it was because of the long lenses that I use now, and my fast legs, that I am still here to tell you about it.

This is why getting to know your subject is so important. On many occasions, it comes in really handy. Almost every year there are a number of tourists that get attacked, and mauled by bears in our local parks, because the people insist on getting too close to them. Remember these 'teddy bears,' may look cute, but they are wild animals, who would literally love to have you for their lunch.

In the spirit of saving money and good taste, the following are some very interesting and inexpensive recipes for coffee lovers, that you can make yourself.

CAFE VIENNA

1/2 cup instant coffee

2/3 cup sugar

2/3 cup non-fat dry milk solids

1/2 tsp cinnamon

Stir ingredients together, Process in a blender until powdered. Use 2 tablespoons to one small cup of hot water. Serve in demitasse cups. 60 calories each.

SWISS MOCHA

1/2 cup instant coffee

1/2 cup sugar

1 cup non-fat dry milk solids

2 Tbsp. Cocoa

Stir ingredients together. Process in a blender until powdered. Use 2 tablespoons for each 4 oz. cup of hot water. 40 calories each.

CAFE CAPPUCCINO

1/2cup instant coffee

1/2 cup sugar

1 cup non-fat dry milk solids

1/2 tsp dried orange peel

mashed in a mortar and pestle

Stir ingredients together. Process in a blender until powdered. Use 2 tablespoons for each cup of hot water. 40 calories each.

The recipes below were sent in by a reader. She suggests making up a basket with mugs (yard sale) cookies and these two mixes.

SPICED TEA

2 cups water

1 cup Tang or orange

drink

1 cup instant tea

1 tsp each cloves and cinnamon

Combine and mix with hot water to taste.

ORANGE CINNAMON COFFEE

1/3 cup ground coffee

1 1/2 tsp grated orange peel

1/2 tsp vanilla extract

1/2 tsp cinnamon

BUTTER NUT & RUM COFFEE

1/3 cup ground coffee

1/2 tsp nutmeg

butter, nut and rum flavoring.

Blend coffee and dry ingredients in a blender. Blend in flavoring and extracts. Scrape sides and blend 15 seconds more. Each recipe makes one 8-cup pot.

Place each coffee mix in a filter. Place filter on a square of plastic wrap. Draw together with ribbon.

Mrs. Jessy Smith

New Westminster, B. C.

Sent me the following mock fish recipe: Make a regular egg batter-as if you planned on making pancakes. For approximately every cup of batter-add 1/2 cup of grated Potato, pinch of salt. Drop large spoonfuls into heated oiled pan, to form oval shapes-or fillet not too big! Cook till golden brown turn and cook other side. Don't make the batter too thick.

Serve with pride-this wonderful Australian fish-no-pollutants, no bones-no expense! Serve also with tartar sauce-Lemon wedges and sprigs of parsley, and coleslaw if you so desire.

Mrs. Evelyn Underwood

Langley, B. C.

Buy bananas when they are ripe, then freeze them until you feel like baking. Bake two or three loaves at a time.

At the same time bake two meat pies. You've got dessert and dinner for another day and you don't need to cook.

I buy milk in 3 plastic bags: 4 litre. The bag is an ideal size for sandwiches and much stronger than sandwich bags.

Helmut Zdebor, Vancouver, B. C.

When my mother and I found out that our beloved cat Max after being hit by a car needed hip surgery (cost $350) we had to make a tough choice. My mother and I talked it over and decided that we would raise the money rather than have the cat put away, which would have cost only $50 We organized a car wash that earned $150 the first weekend. ('We charged five dollars per car, but some people paid us extra or paid us without having their car washed.") We raised another $200 by holding another car wash. With this sum the cats surgery was covered.

Kimberly and Michael Simongton's three children begged and pleaded for a trip to Disney World last year. Kimberley told them they'd have to help pay for it by conserving the earth's resources-and she helped them draw up a five-point plan for doing it. The children recycled all aluminum cans for about 40 cents a pound from their own trash, the neighbors' and homes in nearby streets. They stopped wasting water and electricity by shutting off the faucet while brushing their teeth and turning off the TV and lights when not in use. (Kimberly averaged the family's light and water bills from previous month, then added any savings on subsequent bills to the vacation fund.) The family recycled all old clothing through a consignment shop. They also held two garage sales. And they donated all money found on sidewalks, lying around on countertops and won in lotteries to their fund. After 18 month, they had saved $911.85, an amount that paid for five-day Super Duper Passes to Disney World for all five family members (a $700 expenses) plus most of their motel bill.

Bill and Betty Komula
have been raising vegetables in a backyard garden for years. When their city started a farmers market ( with free booths) on Saturday mornings about 13 years ago, they offered their children a chance to earn some money selling vegetables. Every week during that first summer, their 14 year old daughter and 10 year old son took vegetables to the market and made a couple of hundred dollars profit for the summer. Over the years, the size of the garden increased until the kids were able to clear nearly 1,000 a summer. (Much to their parent's surprise they saved most of it for college.) Now that both children are through college, Bill and Betty work the garden and the market themselves and use the money to finance vacation travel.

A house, two cars, three kids in orthodontia and a yearly vacation didn't leave a lot of money for our family to save. The it hit us when our older daughter was 15: We had only about $3,000 set aside and college was just a few years off. Luckily mortgage rates were down. We were able to get a new 15-year mortgage at about 3 percentage points lower than our old one, and not only did it cover the remaining debt on the house but we also were able to roll over two other high-interest loans into it. In addition we pulled out $16,000 (the amount of our equity in the house) in cash for our oldest daughter's college fund. With all that, our monthly mortgage payments were still $350 less! That saving goes right into the college fund for our daughter number two. And I am saving for our 8-year old son's college fund now through a payroll-deduction plan at work.

Every night since his son was born 18 years ago, Gordon Mc Quillen has emptied the loose change from his pocket to save for Nathan's college education. Gordon never missed a single day, even if he was away from home. On a regular basis, he would deposit the money-which averaged about a dollar a day-in a savings account. With the power of compounding interest, the fund has grown to $8,000-enough for Nathan's freshman year.

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